Cataract surgery is gaining ground as one of the most frequently performed and successful surgical procedures worldwide. Within India, cataracts remain the number one cause of preventable blindness. Timely cataract surgery could improve an individual’s life drastically, so before cataract surgery is performed, one of the most contentious decisions is to select the most appropriate intraocular lens (IOL).
This article highlights all the different types of IOLs, the flat characteristics of the same and the selection of an optimal one, along with considerations for Indian patients that should be taken while making such an important decision.
What is an Intraocular Lens (IOL)?
An intraocular lens is an artificial lens implanted in the eye to replace the natural lens of the eye, which was removed during cataract surgery. These lenses are manufactured from biocompatible materials such as silicone, acrylic or hydrophobic ones that can last a lifetime when implanted in your eye.
Why does it matter to choose an appropriate IOL?
Your choice of IOL can considerably affect most of the following:-
- Your vision at distance will often determine whether or not glasses are required for close and intermediate viewing.
- Your need for glasses.
- Any visual disturbances like halos or glare that you encounter, particularly at night.
- Overall satisfaction with the surgery experience.
Clearly, each lens would have advantages and disadvantages. Therefore, making the right choice would advocate that the lens matches the lifestyle and vision needs as well as the good eye health the patient possesses.
Intraocular Lenses Types Available In India
Monofocal IOLs
- Function – Gives clear vision at only one fixed distance (usually far).
- Limitation – You may have to wear glasses for near or intermediate tasks.
- Best for – People who do not mind using reading glasses and like clear visual distances.
Multifocal IOLs
- Function – These lenses have multiple zones for focusing at different distances – near, intermediate, and far.
- Limitation – Some individuals may complain of night glare or halos while wearing these lenses.
- Best for – Those wanting to eliminate the need for glasses across the board.
Extended Depth of Focus (EDOF) IOLs
- Function – Provide a continuous range of vision, especially good intermediate and distance vision, with fewer visual disturbances than multifocal IOLs.
- Best for – Spectacle independence and minimal side effects.
Toric IOLs
- Function – Correct pre-existing astigmatism along with cataracts.
- Limitation – Not suitable for people without astigmatism.
- Best for – Cataract patients with significant corneal astigmatism.
Accommodating IOLs
- Function – Mimics the natural movements of the lens within the eye to attempt focusing at different distances.
- Limitation – Cannot be as strong for up-close clarity as a multifocal IOL.
- Best for – Dynamic vision with minimal optical side effects.
What tests are done before recommending an IOL?
An ophthalmologist may conduct the following tests before recommending a suitable IOL:
Biometry (for IOL power calculation) – Measurements to get the eye dimensions so that the right lens power can be calculated.
- Keratometries – This determines the curvature of the cornea to check for astigmatism.
- Topography & Tomography – Advanced mapping of the cornea.
- OCT (Optical Coherence Tomography) – Checks the retina and macula for pre-existing conditions.
- Tear Film Assessment – Evaluates dry eye severity, which may affect IOL outcomes.
Ways To Choose The Right IOL
- Lifestyle Needs – Read a lot? Drive at night? Work on screens?
- Flexibility on Budget – Options vary in affordability, but that’s not gone into here.
- Existing Eye Conditions – Astigmatism, diabetic retinopathy, or macular degeneration may limit IOL choices.
- Vision Expectations – Are you okay with using glasses sometimes or want complete freedom?
- Occupation – Some jobs may be improved using an EDOF IOL, such as those who stare long hours at computers.
FAQ:
Will I be allowed to choose my desired IOL?
Yes, but your surgeon will make the choice after a thorough evaluation.
Hearing about the use of different IOLs on either eye, is it possible?
In certain cases, blended vision or Monovision may be applied. This gives the edge regarding distance and near vision.
In what ways are the side effects of premium IOLs?
Some patients report glare, halo, and lack of contrast sensitivity immediately after surgery with multifocal lenses. Most patients improve after some time.
Will glasses be required after the surgery?
It depends on the IOL being used. With the Monofocal lens, glasses for reading will be required. In contrast, with the multifocal or EDOF lenses, there might be less or no need for spectacles.
Eye care after surgery:-
- Apply prescribed eye drops regularly to reduce infection or inflammation risk.
- Avoid rubbing and pressing on the eye.
- Protect your eyes from dust and water for 7 to 10 days.
- Follow up with the eye surgeon as directed.
Why Ojas Eye Hospital Is Chosen For Cataract Surgery?
Ojas Eye Hospital in Mumbai City is renowned for advanced cataract surgery and IOL implantations. Below are some of the strengths of this hospital:-
- Comprehensive Diagnostics – The detailed pre-evaluation assessment has been made possible with the help of modern equipment such as OCT, topography, and laser biometry, to mention a few.
- Wide Range of IOL Options – From Monofocal to toric, multifocal, and EDOF premium lenses, we provide specialised solutions for the patients’ needs.
- Advanced Surgical Techniques – Micro incision and bladeless cataract surgeries for improved recovery and better results.
- Care The Patient – All patients receive caring, sophisticated and complete support from counselling to post-op care.
- State-of-the-Art Facilities – State-of-the-art OT infrastructure, infection control, and diagnostic labs are all under one roof.
Conclusion
Choosing the right IOL is just as important as the cataract surgery itself. It is a long-term decision that will affect how you experience your world daily. With good medical advice, state-of-the-art diagnostic technology, and their surgical expertise, restoring one’s vision has also facilitated restoration of self-confidence and independence.
Be clear again, right about IOL and definite care.
