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Visual Impairment And Its Types

May 23, 2022

Overview

Many people have faced some types of problems related to vision in their life. Some can not  see distant objects, and some cannot see near objects. These types of treatments are known as refractive error can be corrected by using glasses and lenses. 

Few causes of vision loss are irreversible and cannot be corrected using glasses. These visual impairments should be treated in time.

What Causes Visual Impairment?

Any of the following can be the cause of visual impairment in the person:-

  • Childbirth defect.
  • Possible genetic disorders of eye
  • Increasing age (old age)
  • Eye injuries.

Injuries to the eye can be reduced by using a protective eyeglass. We can also switch to healthy habits like eating nutritious food and avoiding smoking. However, surgery can correct some eye problems but cannot cure and prevent all eye-related problems.

Different Forms Of Visual Impairment

The signs and symptoms of patient vary with the disease. Glaucoma will affect peripheral vision (it allows your eye to look around without moving your head). In contrast, macular degeneration (an eye disorder) affects central vision (it affects all activities including reading, driving, seeing faces and pictures). Other problems like photophobia (sensitivity to light), diplopia (double vision), and vision distortion may also cause vision problems.

What Means "Low Vision" And "Legally Blind" Mean?

  • Low vision: If by using glasses or contact lenses, the persons’ vision can only get up to 20/70 acuity, then the person is said to be low vision. It is also described by World Health Organization that a person having a visual acuity of 20/70 or 20/400 has low vision. 20/70 acuity means that you must be at 20 feet to see an object that can be seen from a distance of 70 feet through normal eyes.
  • Legally Blind: If with the help of glasses and contact lenses, a person can only achieve an acuity of 20/200, then that person can say to be legally blind. If a person’s visual acuity is 20/200, that means that the person needs to be at a distance of 20 feet to see an object that a person with normal vision can see from a distance of 200 feet.

What Are The Different Types Of Blindness?

Most people think that the blind is a simple word for those who cannot see. Blindness is more complex than this. There are different types of blindness. They are:-

  • Macular Degeneration: It is seen most commonly in adults. It causes the central vision to deteriorate. Its diagnosis can be made with dilated retinal examination and Ocular Coherence Tomography scan of the eye.
  • Retinopathy of prematurity: This occurs to the child who is born prematurely. It occurs due to damage to the blood vessels present in the eyes. It can result in retinal detachment.

What Can We Do To Help The Blind People?

All visually impaired persons deserve to be treated with dignity and respect. Therefore, it is better to be polite with them and be ready to accept if they say no to take any assistance. Following are some of the tips:

  • If you are a guest at a visually impaired person’s home, then make sure to put the thing where they want you to put them.
  • Remember that visually impaired people can also live their lives to their fullest. So always maintain a helpful attitude toward them rather than a pitying attitude.

How To Take Care Of Your Eyesight?

As the technology, medical science, and pharmaceutical industry is growing vastly. It has increased our understanding of human eyes. As a result, it has been easier to find the cure for more eye problems. But, we should not rely on these things and stop caring about our eyes. Keep your eyes healthy by regularly scheduling an appointment for eye exams. It will help you diagnose the possible eye problems in advance, and you can start the respective treatment for that.

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