Dr. Niteen Dedhia
August 20, 2022 | Author: Admin
August 20, 2022
Introduction
The eye is a very delicate organ. It is made up of complex structures and optical systems that enable us to see the world. It helps to focus the light into a point focus, which enables us to see objects around us.
So what parts are our eyes made up of?
Structure of eyes
Eyelid
- The external part of the eye that covers the eyeball and protects it from dust and injuries. The eyelashes trap dirt and debris from coming into contact with the eyeball.
- Blinking facilitates proper spread of the tear film on the ocular surface thus keeps the eyes hydrated.
Pupil
- Is the opening in our iris which regulates the amount of light entering the eye, similar to a camera aperture.
- Pupil becomes smaller in bright light to reduce the amount of light entering the eye, and it becomes bigger in low light enabling us to see better.
Sclera
- It is the outer, white protective layer of the eye.
- It gives support to the internal ocular structures and also serves as an attachment for the eye muscles.
Iris
- This is the coloured part of the eye. It contain different pigments which impart different shades to our eyes.
- The pupil is present at the centre of the iris which acts as a regulator of light
Cornea
- It is the clear structure that is present in the front of the eye.
- It allows the light to enter the eye and protects the internal structures.
- Lasik is a procedure for eliminating refractive errors which is done on the cornea.
Lens
- The clear structure located behind the iris is known as the lens.
- The lens has a focusing system which allow light to be converted into a point focus, thus helping us to see.
- As we age, the lens starts getting cloudier, and is not able to transmit light. This is known as cataract.
Retina
- The layer of the tissue present at the back of the eye is called the retina.
- The retina aims to collect the light passing from the lens and converts it to visual information that is relayed to the brain.
Choroid
- It is the major vascular layer that is present between the retina and sclera. It provides nourishment and oxygen to the eye.
Optic nerve
- The nerve that transmits electrical impulses from the retina to the brain
Vitreous humor
- It is a gel-like a liquid present behind the lens which holds and supports the eyeball.
- Sometimes we may experience floaters which are nothing but deposits in the vitreous.
